Bismuth
Symbol: Bi
Atomic Number: 83
Atomic Weight: 208.98037
Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Element Classification: Metal
Discovery: Known to the ancients.
Name Origin: German: bisemutum, (white mass), presently spelled wismut.
Density (g/cc): 9.747
Melting Point (K): 544.5
Boiling Point (K): 1883
Appearance: hard, brittle, steel-gray metal with a pinkish tinge
Atomic Radius (pm): 170
Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 21.3
Covalent Radius (pm): 146
Ionic Radius: 74 (+5e) 96 (+3e)
Specific Heat (@20°C J/g mol): 0.124
Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 11.00
Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 172.0
Debye Temperature (K): 120.00
Pauling Negativity Number: 2.02
First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 702.9
Oxidation States: 5, 3
Lattice Structure: rhombohedral
Lattice Constant (Å): 4.750
References: Los Alamos National Laboratory (2001), Crescent Chemical Company (2001), Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (1952), CRC Handbook of Chemistry & Physics (18th Ed.)
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